Crisis en el sector sanitario: impacto percibido en las condiciones de trabajo de las enfermeras / Crisis in the health sector: Impact on nurses’ working conditions

En un contexto de crisis económica y de políticas de reducción del déficit público, los presupuestos del Instituto Catalán de la Salud (ICS) fueron recortados en un 15,33% entre 2010 y 2014. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto percibido de las medidas de contención del gasto sanitario en las condiciones de trabajo de las enfermeras. Método: El diseño del estudio fue descriptivo y transversal. Una muestra de 1.760 enfermeras de la provincia de Barcelona respondió un cuestionario sobre el impacto percibido de las medidas de contención del gasto sanitario implementadas en su centro de trabajo durante los primeros años de la crisis. Resultados: Entre los aspectos principales del impacto percibido por las medidas de contención del gasto, un 86,6% de las enfermeras identificaron una reducción salarial. También percibieron un aumento en los siguientes parámetros relevantes de las condiciones de trabajo: número de horas trabajadas (66,7%), ratio definitivo de pacientes atendidos (35,2%), complejidad y presión asistencial (75,3%), rotación por diversos servicios (31,5%), cambio de turno (21,4%) o ámbito (23,4%) de trabajo, precariedad laboral (58,4%) y pérdida del empleo por despido (6,6%) o no renovación del contrato (9%). Conclusiones: El impacto percibido de la crisis mostró un triple componente de signo negativo: recorte salarial, sobrecarga de trabajo e inseguridad en el empleo. Y como efecto combinado de esta múltiple tendencia se reconoció un deterioro de las condiciones de trabajo y de la calidad de vida laboral de las enfermeras

In a context of economic crisis and policies to reduce the public deficit, the budgets of the Catalan Health Institute (CHI) were cut by 15.33% between 2010 and 2014. Objective: To assess the perceived impact on nurses’ work conditions of measures to contain health spending. Method: The study design was descriptive and transversal. A sample of 1,760 nurses from the province of Barcelona answered a questionnaire on the perceived impact of health spending containment measures implemented in their workplace during the early years of the crisis. Results: Among the main aspects of the perceived impact of these measures, 86.6% of the nurses identified a pay cut and an increase in the following relevant parameters of their working conditions: number of hours worked (66.7%), final ratio of treated patients (35.2%), task complexity and workload (75.3%), rotation through various departments (31.5%), work shifts (21.4%) or work areas (23.4%), job insecurity (58.4%) and loss of employment by dismissal (6.6%) or non-renewal of contract (9%). Conclusions: The perceived impact of the crisis showed a triple negative component: Pay cut, work overload and job insecurity. As a combined effect of this multiple trend, the nurses acknowledged a deterioration in their working conditions and quality of working life

Crisis in the health sector: Impact on nurses' working conditions. / Crisis en el sector sanitario: impacto percibido en las condiciones de trabajo de las enfermeras.

In a context of economic crisis and policies to reduce the public deficit, the budgets of the Catalan Health Institute (CHI) were cut by 15.33% between 2010 and 2014. OBJECTIVE: To assess the perceived impact on nurses' work conditions of measures to contain health spending. METHOD: The study design was descriptive and transversal. A sample of 1,760 nurses from the province of Barcelona answered a questionnaire on the perceived impact of health spending containment measures implemented in their workplace during the early years of the crisis. RESULTS: Among the main aspects of the perceived impact of these measures, 86.6% of the nurses identified a pay cut and an increase in the following relevant parameters of their working conditions: number of hours worked (66.7%), final ratio of treated patients (35.2%), task complexity and workload (75.3%), rotation through various departments (31.5%), work shifts (21.4%) or work areas (23.4%), job insecurity (58.4%) and loss of employment by dismissal (6.6%) or non-renewal of contract (9%). CONCLUSIONS: The perceived impact of the crisis showed a triple negative component: Pay cut, work overload and job insecurity. As a combined effect of this multiple trend, the nurses acknowledged a deterioration in their working conditions and quality of working life.

Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en usuarios con trastorno mental severo / Cardiovascular risk factors in users with severe mental disorder

OBJETIVO: Identificar la prevalencia de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) en usuarios con un trastorno mental severo (TMS) atendidos en el centro de salud mental Parc Taulí (Sabadell - Barcelona). MÉTODO: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en 789 usuarios con TMS. El instrumento utilizado ha sido la escala de valoración del Registre Gironí del Cor, que estima el riesgo de presentar una enfermedad cardiovascular. RESULTADOS: Un 26,6% de la muestra presenta RCV (22,5% moderado, 3,8% alto y 0,3% muy alto). En el análisis de los factores de riesgo modificables destaca que un 16,5% son hipertensos, un 55,2% son fumadores, un 19,77% presentan hiperglucemia (de estos un 8,2% están diagnosticados de diabetes mellitus), un 40,2% presentan obesidad, un 36,2% sobrepeso y un 47,27% hipercolesterolemia. CONCLUSIONES: Se corrobora que en los usuarios con TMS la prevalencia de RCV es mayor a la de la población general y que está relacionada con la presencia de los factores de riesgo modificables. La educación sanitaria realizada por las enfermeras para prevenir el RCV es una actividad clave a desarrollar en los usuarios con TMS

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of the cardiovascular risk (RCV) in users with a Severe Mental Disorder (SMD) attended in mental health service in ParcTaulí (Sabadell - Barcelona). Method: This is an observational, descriptive and transversal study of the factors of cardiovascular risk in 789 users with SMD. The instrument used was the scale of assessment of the Registre Gironí del Cor, which estimates the risk of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: 26.6% of the sample has RCV (22.5% moderate, 3.8% high and 0.3% very high). The analysis of the modifiable risk factors shows that 16.5% of the patients are hypertensive, 55.2% are smokers, 19.77% have hyperglycaemia (8.2% of whom are diagnosed of diabetes mellitus), 40.2% have obesity, 36.2% overweight and 47.27% hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms that the prevalence of the RVC in SMD users is greater than the RCV in general population and it's associated to the presence of modifiable risk factors. Health education carried out by nurses is the best to prevent the RCV in SMD users

[Cardiovascular risk factors in users with severe mental disorder]. / Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en usuarios con trastorno mental severo.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of the cardiovascular risk (RCV) in users with a Severe Mental Disorder (SMD) attended in mental health service in ParcTaulí (Sabadell - Barcelona). METHOD: This is an observational, descriptive and transversal study of the factors of cardiovascular risk in 789 users with SMD. The instrument used was the scale of assessment of the Registre Gironí del Cor, which estimates the risk of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: 26.6% of the sample has RCV (22.5% moderate, 3.8% high and 0.3% very high). The analysis of the modifiable risk factors shows that 16.5% of the patients are hypertensive, 55.2% are smokers, 19.77% have hyperglycaemia (8.2% of whom are diagnosed of diabetes mellitus), 40.2% have obesity, 36.2% overweight and 47.27% hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms that the prevalence of the RVC in SMD users is greater than the RCV in general population and it's associated to the presence of modifiable risk factors. Health education carried out by nurses is the best to prevent the RCV in SMD users.

Intervención de enfermería en la rehabilitación psicosocial del paciente esquizofrénico / Nursing intervention in psychosocial rehabilitation of the schizophrenic patient

La repercusión bio-psico-social de la esquizofrenia hace de ella una enfermedad compleja. Existen estudios realizados en los últimos años que han demostrado que el tratamiento ideal es aquel que integra la terapéutica farmacológica y psicosocial.• En este trabajo pretendemos reflejar las diversas intervenciones rehabilitadoras que pueden desarrollar los profesionales de la Enfermería para contribuir a la recuperación del paciente esquizofrénico desde las unidades de hospitalización y a lo largo de todo el proceso asistencial. La magnitud y complejidad de esta enfermedad requiere que la enfermera incluya en el plan terapéutico individual estrategias de rehabilitación psicosocial que vayan dirigidas tanto al paciente como a sus familiares, con una bordaje individual y/o grupal

The repercussion of schizophrenia at a biopsycho-social level makes this condition a complex disease. In these past years some studies have been carried out demonstrating that the ideal treatment integrates drug therapy and psychosocial therapy.• With this paper we aim to illustrate the different rehabilitation interventions that the nursing professional can implement to contribute towards the recovery of the schizophrenic patient, from hospitalization units throughout the entire healthcare process. The magnitude and complexity of this disease requires Nursing to include in the strategic therapeutic plan psychosocial rehabilitation strategies aimed at both the patient as well as his or her family, not only through an individual but also through a group approach

[The VAMP device. Benefits for the critical patient]. / Dispositivo VAMP. Beneficios para el paciente crítico.

Taking blood samples by means of conventional intravascular devices requires throwing away an initial volume of mixed blood and serum which comprises between 24-26% of the volume of blood extracted from the patient admitted into an intensive care ward. At present time there exists a device with a reservoir, VAMP, which permits one to obtain blood samples without having to waste this initial volume. The working hypothesis poses that the use of the VAMP device decreases the risk of transfusion. This study has a random prospective design. This study subjects are 58 patients admitted in the intensive care ward at the Parc Taulí Corporation distributed in a control group which made use of a conventional device and a VAMP group which made use of the device having a reservoir. The study used a data recordsheet. Statistical calculations were carried out on the SPSS program.

Dispositivo vamp / Vamp device

La obtención de muestras de sangre a través de dispositivos intravasculares convencionales, requiere desechar un volumen inicial de mezcla de sangre y suero, que representa entre un 24-26 por ciento del volumen de sangre extraído al paciente ingresado en U.C.I. Actualmente existe un dispositivo con reservorio (VAMP) que permite obtener la muestra sin desechar este volumen inicial.La hipótesis de trabajo plantea que el uso del dispositivo VAMP disminuye el riesgo de transfusión. El diseño del estudio es prospectivo randomizado. Los sujetos de estudio son 58 pacientes ingresados en la U.C.I. de la Corporació Parc Taulí (C.P.T.), distribuidos en grupo control (portador de dispositivo convencional) y grupo VAMP (portador de dispositivo con reservorio). Se ha utilizado como instrumento una hoja de recogida de datos. Los cálculos estadísticos se han realizado con el programa SPSS (AU)